RESUMO A perturbação factícia na dermatologia é uma dermatose que vem ocorrendo com maior frequência na população mundial. A prevalência em torno de 2% reportada nas clínicas dermatológicas é provavelmente é subdiagnosticada, já que o paciente não costuma estar ciente da sua natureza autoinfligida. Quando se manifesta por lesões bolhosas, pode ser confundida com doenças bolhosas autoimunes. Relata-se o caso de uma paciente de 59 anos acompanhada pela psiquiatria por depressão grave com sintomas psicóticos, amnésia dissociativa, síndrome de Munchausen e fibromialgia, que desenvolveu bolhas tensas no dorso do pé esquerdo. Os achados do primeiro exame histopatológico sugeriam penfigoide bolhoso, sendo realizado tratamento com prednisona. Devido à persistência e localização fixa das lesões, aos antecedentes psiquiátricos e à imunofluorescência direta negativa, novo exame histopatológico foi realizado e interpretado como um caso de perturbação factícia bolhosa.

ABSTRACT Factitious disorder in dermatology is a dermatosis occuring with increasing frequency all over the world. Prevalence is reported around 2% in dermatology clinics but it is probably underdiagnosed, since the patient is not usually aware of its self-inflicted nature. When manifested by bullous lesions, it can be confused with autoimmune bullae. We report the case of a 59-year-old patient accompanied by psychiatry for severe depression with psychotic symptoms, dissociative amnesia, Munchausen syndrome and fibromyalgia who developed tense blisters on the dorsum of her left foot. The findings of the first histopathological examination suggested bullous pemphigoid and treatment with prednisone was performed. Due to the persistence and fixed location of the lesions, psychiatric history and negative direct immunofluorescence, a new histopathological examination was performed and interpreted as a case of bullous factitious disorder.

RESUMO Objetivo . Relatar uma série de casos de carcinoma epidermoide no pé, descrever os fatores de risco prévios, os achados histopatológicos, o tratamento cirúrgico e os resultados funcionais e oncológicos. Métodos: Nove pacientes consecutivos com diagnóstico de CE na região do pé foram tratados em uma única instituição e analisados, prospectivamente com relação aos fatores de risco da doença, ao desfecho do tratamento cirúrgico e aos resultados histopatológicos, funcionais e oncológicos. Todos os pacientes apresentavam fatores de risco identificáveis. Resultados: O tratamento definitivo consistiu em amputação parcial (seis), amputação total (três). O escore funcional foi bom ou excelente nos pacientes sobreviventes. Fatores de risco identificáveis precocemente estão presentes na maioria dos pacientes. A biópsia na suspeita diagnóstica e o uso de princípios oncológicos evitam erros de diagnóstico e de tratamento. Conclusão: Em nossa série, apesar do diagnóstico tardio e do tratamento cirúrgico com amputações parciais e totais do pé, observamos bons resultados oncológicos que evitaram a disseminação sistêmica da doença e resultados funcionais esperados. Nível de Evidência V; Série de casos.

ABSTRACT Objectives: To report a case series of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in the foot, describing previous risk factors, surgical treatment, histopathological findings, and functional and oncological results. Methods: Nine consecutive patients diagnosed with SCC of the foot were treated at a single institution and prospectively analyzed for risk factors related to the disease, surgical outcome, and histopathological, functional and oncological results. All patients had identifiable risk factors for SCC. Results: Definitive treatment consisted of partial (6 patients) or total (3 patients) amputation of the foot. The functional score was good or excellent in the surviving patients. Early identifiable risk factors are present in most patients. Biopsy when this diagnosis is suspected, in association with oncological principles, avoids diagnostic and treatment errors. Conclusion: Despite delayed diagnosis and surgical treatment with partial and total amputations of the foot in our series, we observed good oncological outcomes that avoided systemic spread of the disease and achieved expected functional results. Level of Evidence V; Case series.

Abstract: Pyoderma gangrenosum is a rare neutrophilic dermatosis, which usually presents as ulcers with erythematous-violaceous undermined edges and a rough base with purulent or sanguinous exudate. It can be primary or associated with an underlying disease. However, rare cases of its association with autoimmune hepatitis have been described in the literature. Diagnosis is based on a characteristic clinical picture and ruling out other causes of ulcers. This paper aims to discuss the management of corticosteroid therapy and the importance of local treatment. We report a case with torpid evolution, presented with multiple and deep ulcers in a young patient with autoimmune hepatitis, causing pain and significant disability. We observed complete healing of lesions after two months of successful treatment.

Abstract: Pityriasis amiantacea was first described in 1832. The disease may be secondary to any skin condition that primarily affects the scalp, including seborrheic dermatitis. Its pathogenesis remains uncertain. We aim to analyze the epidemiological and clinical profiles of patients with pityriasis amiantacea to better understand treatment responses. We identified seven cases of pityriasis amiantacea and a female predominance in a sample of 63 pediatric patients with seborrheic dermatitis followed for an average of 20.4 months. We reported a mean age of 5.9 years. Five patients were female, with a mean age of 9 years. All patients were successfully treated with topic ketoconazole.

Abstract Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the second-most common malignant cutaneous cancer, with 60% occurring in the head and neck region. Metastases are uncommon and imply a more conservative prognosis. This report describes a case of parotid-invasive, facial squamous cell carcinoma, highlighting the importance of its prognostic and therapeutic management. The patient is an 81-year-old female, exhibiting extensive tumoral lesions in the pre-auricular region, affecting the parotid parenchyma and implying the metastatic involvement of the intra-parotid lymph node. Parotid involvement caused by SCC in specificity tumors is discussed herein. Parotid invasion is currently recognized as an isolated variable. It affects survival rates and determines certain changes in case management, such as the broadening of resection areas and adjuvant radiotherapy.

AbstractBACKGROUND:Cutaneous melanoma (CM) is considered serious for causing frequent metastasis, presenting high mortality, resistance to available therapies and incidences in laboring activity.OBJECTIVES:To study the histopathological types of cutaneous melanoma in Palmas-TO from 2001 to 2011, according to risk factors, location of lesions, Clark levels and Breslow thickness.METHODS:A descriptive, retrospective and quantitative research in reports of the Serviços de Anatomia Patológica in Palmas (SAPP) and Registro de Câncer de Base Populacional de Palmas (RCBPP).RESULTS:The years of highest incidences were: 2004 (8 cases/17.8%), 2008 and 2011 (7 cases each/15.6%) and 2010 (6 cases/13.3%). Among the 45 cases studied, there were predominance in patients between 41 and 60 years old, women, caucasians, farmers, located in trunk, in situ type, superficial extensive and metastatic cutaneous, Clark levels I (20%) and IV (17.7%), Breslow thickness ≤1 mm (35.5%) and 2.01 to 4 mm (24.4%).CONCLUSIONS:The most common histopathological types were: cutaneous melanoma in situ, superficial extensive and metastatic, followed by nodular cutaneous melanoma, and finally, by other forms. In this study, Clark levels and Breslow thickness pointed to greater importance of thin melanomas and sun exposure without appropriate protection in farmers.

Neste estudo, cinco casos de pênfigo vulgar e dois casos de pênfigo foliáceo foram submetidos à pulsoterapia com ciclofosfamida associada à prednisona resultando em ação poupadora na dose de manutenção de prednisona. Em três casos de pênfigo vulgar e um caso de pênfigo foliáceo tratados com pulsoterapia dexametasona/ciclofosfamida associada à prednisona houve resolução mais rápida das lesões. Nenhum destes tratamentos impediu a recurrência da doença. Amenorreia, mielotoxicidade e síndrome de Stevens Johnson foram observados com a ciclofosfamida. Em todos os pacientes ocorreram efeitos colaterais conhecidos da prednisona.

In this study, five cases of pemphigus vulgaris and two cases of pemphigus foliaceus were treated with cyclophosphamide pulse therapy associated with prednisone, resulting in the need for a smaller maintenance dose of prednisone. In three cases of pemphigus vulgaris and one case of pemphigus foliaceus, dexamethasone and cyclophosphamide pulse therapy associated with prednisone helped the lesions to heal more rapidly. Neither treatment however prevented the recurrence of the disease. Amenorrhea, myelotoxicity and Stevens-Johnson syndrome were among the cyclophosphamide side effects. All the patients treated with prednisone experienced known side effects.

Os dados sobre risco de melanoma cutâneo nos nevos melanocíticos são ainda controversos. O estudo longitudinal prospectivo de 107 casos de melanoma cutâneo revelou que em 9/107 casos (8,4%) houve presunção de lesão precursora, porém em 1/107 caso (0,9%) houve comprovação histopatológica para nevo melanocítico. A informação vaga de presença de lesão precursora do melanoma cutâneo torna vulnerável sua vinculação com o tumor e implica em comprovação histopatológica.

The data on melanoma associaed with melanocytic nevus are controversial. A longitudinal prospective study of 107 cases of cutaneous melanoma revealed that 9 (8.4%) cases were presumed to be linked to a precursor lesion, but only in 1 (0.9%) out of these cases the histopathological examination showed an associated melanocytic nevus. The vague information of a preexisting lesion of cutaneous melanoma is not sufficient to consider it a tumour precursor and it requires histopathological evidence to confirm the diagnosis.

Estudo longitudinal prospectivo de 42 casos de melanoma cutâneo revelou: 71,2% entre 50 e 79 anos; distribuição etária homogênea entre os gêneros masculino (45,1%) e feminino (54,7%); predominância de brancos (88%); localização no tronco (54,7%) (p=0,039); tipo clínico-histológico expansivo superficial (52,3% / 26,1%) (p=0,02); 16 casos (38,1%) IA e nove melanomas in situ (21,4%).

A prospective longitudinal study of 42 cases of cutaneous melanoma showed that: 71.2% of patients were between 50 and 79 years of age; 45.1% were male and 54.7% female; most patients (88%) were white; most lesions (54.7%) were located on the trunk (p = 0.039); the most common clinical and histological pattern was the superficial spreading melanoma (52.3% / 26.1%) (p = 0.02); 16 cases (38.1%) were classified as stage IA and 9 cases (21.4%) consisted of melanomas in situ.

Duas adolescentes e uma menina com vitiligo clinicamente diagnosticado foram tratadas com 8-metoxipsoraleno a 0,2% em creme Lanette com subsequente exposição solar. Um ano após, apresentaram máculas acrômicas na área do vitiligo. A biópsia de pele em um dos casos revelou melanócitos com escassa pigmentação melânica. Os achados clínicos e histológicos sugerem o diagnóstico de leucodermia punctata.

Two adolescent females and a girl, all with clinically diagnosed vitiligo, were treated with 0.2% 8-methoxypsoralen cream followed by exposure to solar ultraviolet light. One year later, they developed hypopigmented and achromic spots on the areas affected by the vitiligo. Biopsy of skin tissue taken from one of these cases showed a marked reduction in melanin. Clinical and histological findings point to a diagnosis of leukoderma punctata.

A acropigmentação reticulada de Dohi é distúrbio discrômico raro de herança autossômica dominante; a maioria dos casos foi descrita primeiramente no Japão. É relatada menina com lesões de distribuição e morfologia típicas. A biópsia de pele não foi considerada essencial para o diagnóstico. Após revisão da literatura, concluiu-se ser o terceiro caso publicado no Brasil.

Reticulate acropigmentation of Dohi is a rare dyschromic disorder of autosomal dominant inheritance. Most cases have been originally described in Japan. The case of a girl with lesions of typical distribution and morphology is reported. Skin biopsy was not considered essential for diagnosis. After literature review, it was concluded that this is the third case of the disorder reported in Brazil.

A associação entre vitiligo e tireoidopatia na criança é discutível. Cinquenta crianças com vitiligo e 40 sem vitiligo foram submetidas às dosagens séricas de anticorpos antitireoide e hormônio tireoestimulante. Um caso (grupo teste) e um caso controle mostraram títulos de TSH acima do limite normal; o vitiligo não representou maior risco para tireoidopatia.

The association of vitiligo / thyroid disease in childhood is debatable; 50 children with vitiligo and 40 without it were submitted to serum dosage of antithyroid antibodies and thyrostimulating hormone. One case (test group) and one control showed a serum titer of TSH above the normal limit; vitiligo did not represent a greater risk for thyroid disease.